The most important product grown in Kızılırmak Delta lands containing alkali and rich organic substances is paddy (rice). More than half of the delta lands (37.590 hectares), in which 32 villages earn livelihood from agriculture, are used as farmlands. This land is regarded as one of the richest plains in Turkey with its high agricultural potential. While the large part of delta land is hydromorphic soil, we can see the coastal dunes at the seaside brown forests, colluvial and alluvial soil in the inland. The southern border of the delta is formed by rocks during Neogene and before (Upper Cretaceous flysch, Eocene flysch and ebonite, Miocene and Pliocene old sediments of lagoons and rivers). The plain rises in steps from an alluvial plain tracing the sea towards south. Kızılırmak Delta is an old quaternary plain, with a low slope, consisted of gravel, sand and silt. Of 3.100 hectares of forest areas, 1.850 hectares are flooded forests and 1.250 hectares are broad-leaved forests. The average height of sand dunes along the coast, with 200-300 meter strips, reaches 7-8 meters, and in some places 12 meters. 11.580 ha of these habitats are composed of open water surfaces, freshwater and saltwater marshes, wet meadows and pastures.The sands and coastal dunes, with a size of 2.330 ha, draw attention as one of the characteristic formations in Delta. The major habitats of this complex are flooded forests, trees and shrubs, sweet and bitter lakes, reeds, pastures, sand dunes, sea and farmlands.Ģ1.700 ha of delta lands are composed of wetland ecosystems natural and semi-natural areas where the habitats associated with these systems. The delta is a big wetland complex that contains almost all members of wetland ecosystems. Its distance to Samsun City Center is about 40 km and its size is 56.000 ha. Kızılırmak Delta extends along the the north of Samsun-Sinop Highway, within the borders of Ondokuzmayıs, Bafra and Alaçam Districts of Samsun Province, flowing into the Black Sea.
Kızılırmak passes through Sivas, Kayseri, Nevşehir, Kırşehir, Kırıkkale, Çankırı, Çorum and Samsun Provinces in Middle and North Anatolia flows into the Black Sea, covering a distance of 1.355 km Kızılırmak forms South Black Sea Basin’s the most important delta and wetland ecosystem, by its alluvial deposit. Kızılırmak (River) is the longest river that rises from and also flows into the territories of Turkey, and also that has the second biggest drainage basin of Turkey.
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